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Cardiac Arrest Vs Heart Attack

Cardiologist in Sarjapur Road


Cardiologist in Sarjapur Road

Cardiac Arrest – It is the sudden cessation of cardiac pumping activity. There is immediate loss of consciousness due to no blood flow i.e. oxygen supply to the brain and no lung function due to absent blood supply and respiratory signals from the brain.

Causes of Cardiac arrest

  • ischemic coronary disease(70% cases)
  • congestive heart failure
  • congenital coronary artery abnormalities
  • arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
  • hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
  • cardiac tamponade
  • Nonstructural cardiac causes include Brugada syndrome, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome and congenital long QT syndrome.

Cardiac Arrest

Non cardiac causes

  • intracranial hemorrhage
  • pulmonary embolism
  • pneumothorax
  • primary respiratory arrest
  • toxic ingestions including drug overdose, electrolyte abnormalities, severe infection (sepsis), hypothermia, or trauma.

What Can You Do to Help?

Cardiopulmonary Rescuscitation – basic life support and defibrillation. Basic Life Support

Current guidelines recommend 2 breaths for every 30 compressions. Providers can also manipulate the airway to aid in airway patency thus allowing for proper ventilation. These maneuvers include the head-tilt, chin-lift and the jaw thrust. Oral airway adjuncts including the oral pharyngeal airway (OPA) and the nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) should also be utilized to benefit ventilation.


Cardiopulmonary Rescuscitation

Cardiac arrest patients are treated with ALS(advanced life support) in a teritiary medical center. These patients can also be placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). This allows for oxygenation of the victim's blood supply until the cardiac function is restored.

Heart Attack


Heart Attack

It is the obstruction of the blood vessel supplying blood to the muscles of the heart. It will not lead to cardiac arrest unless there is an abnormal rhythm like ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation or any mechanical rupture of the heart wall or valve inside due to death of the muscle. Treatment of heart attack would involve the opening up of the blocked vessel at the earliest

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest? +

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, while cardiac arrest happens when the heart suddenly stops beating due to an electrical problem. A heart attack can sometimes lead to cardiac arrest if not treated promptly.

No. Although both are serious medical emergencies, they are different conditions. A heart attack affects blood flow to the heart, whereas cardiac arrest affects the heart's electrical system and causes it to stop pumping blood.

Common symptoms include chest pain or pressure, pain in the arm, shoulder, neck, jaw, or back, shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness, and cold sweating. Symptoms may differ between individuals.

Cardiac arrest usually causes sudden collapse, loss of consciousness, no normal breathing, and no detectable pulse. It requires immediate emergency medical care, CPR, and, if available, the use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED).

Yes. A severe heart attack can disrupt the heart's electrical activity and lead to cardiac arrest. Prompt treatment of a heart attack reduces the risk of this complication.

Call emergency medical services immediately. If the person is unresponsive and not breathing normally, begin CPR and use an AED if one is available. Do not delay emergency treatment.

Risk factors include high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, family history of heart disease, and increasing age. Managing these risk factors can lower the risk of both conditions.

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